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 We divide history into periods:

PREHISTORY


Started about 5 million years ago, when the first humans appeared.

People...

  • lived in caves.
  • made clothes from animal skins.
  • hunted and fished.
  • collected wild plants and fruit to eat.
  • made paintings, tools and objects.

They also...

  • discovered fire.
  • invented the wheel and writing.

ANCIENT HISTORY


Started about 3.500 B.C., when people invented writing.

First civilisations appeared, such as the Greeks and the Romans.

Both:
  • made beautiful buildings and sculptures.
  • traded (brought and sold things).
  • wrote books.
  • believed in many gods.
The Greeks...
  • called the Iberian Peninsula: Iberia .
  • invented democracy, coins and the Olympic Games.
The Romans...
  • called the Iberian Peninsula: Hispania.
  • built aqueducts, roads and cities.

  • invented a language called Latin.


MIDDLE AGES

Started in the 5th century.

Christian kingdoms (north):
  • built churches.
  • priest and monks lived in monasteries.
  • kings and nobles lived in castles.
  • peasants lived in villages.
Al-Andalus (south):
  • built mosques and palaces.
  • more towns and cities.
  • more artisans and merchants.
The Christians slowly conquered al-Andalus. This is called the ReconquistaGranada, the last Muslim kingdom was conquered in 1492.


EARLY MODERN AGE


Started in 1492, when Christopher Columbus discovered America.
  • Explorers...
    • used the compass and made better maps.
    • had better and faster ships.
    • discovered many places.
In Spain, this period in called the Golden Age.
  • Writers:
    • Cervantes (Don Quijote)
    • Lope de Vega (Fuenteovejuna)
  • The printing press was invented.
  • Artists:
    • El Greco.
    • Diego Velázquez.
Spain conquered many lands in America, Asia and Africa. It established a big empire.




THE MODERN AGE


Started in 1789.

Industrial Revolution: changes and inventions.
  • 19th century:
    • People moved from the countryside to towns and cities.
    • Factories used machines: to make lots of products.
    • Steam trains: to move around quickly.
    • Rich people: owned factories, had big houses and servants and go to school.
    • Ordinary people: worked in factories and lived in modest houses.
  • 20th century:
    • More comfortable homes (machines for whasing, cooking, cleaning...).
    • Cars, buses and planes: move around easily.
    • Entertainment: cinema, radio and television.
    • Everybody could see a doctor and go to school.

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